Eyes are probably the most important sensory organs opening the World’s doors and mobilise our capability of learning, perception of our surrounding. Derived from the ancient Greek word “Opthalmos”, opthalmology is the medicine’s specila filed delaing with the well being and diseases of eyes.
During childhood, adolsecence and young adulthood we generaly experinece no serious disease of eyes except common refraction disorders such as myopia, astigmatism, etc. However with advanced age important diseases might come onto stage which if untreated properly might result in vision loss.
Cataract The only treatment is surgery. It involves removing the cloudy lens to restore the clarity of the optical axis and to replace it with an intraocular implant. The converging lens, located inside the eye, is fragmented and then sucked through a special ultrasound device. An intraocular artificial lens is inserted into the eye. Cataract operations are usually done on an outpatient basis. Recovery is rapid; patients can return to their daily lives after a few days.
Glaucoma Regular eye exams performed by your doctor are the most effective way to identify glaucoma. Loss of sight from glaucoma is irreversible. Treatment with eye drops, laser surgery (argon laser) and surgical procedures are performed in order to avoid further losses. The analytical methods for evaluating the condition of the optic nerve are "Optical Coherence Tomography" (OCT), "Nerve Fibre Analyzer" (NFA), corneal pachymetry and the field of computer-assisted vision.
Keratoconus Refers to a deformation of the cornea (the clear coating over the iris and pupil), which gradually begins to taper. It loses its normal spherical shape and takes the form of an irregular cone. This deformation often occurs in late adolescence and leads to impaired vision (blurred and distorted vision and poor distance vision) which require the use of specialized lenses. Keratoconus usually affects both eyes, but not at the same level. Keratoconus is not contagious, it is a non-inflammatory eye disease.